Mendelian Genetics Multiple Choice Questions with Answers pdf
1. How did Mendel’s studies in genetics differ from earlier studies of breeding and inheritance?
(a) Mendel worked with plants, earlier studies used animals
(b) Mendel was able to explain the ‘blending’ hypothesis
(c) Mendel’s work was more quantitative
(d) Mendel worked with wild species, not the domesticated ones
Ans. c
2. Which statement describes the work of Gregor Johnn Mendel?
(a) He developed some basic principles of heredity without having knowledge of chromosomes
(b) He developed the microscope for the study of genes in pea plants
(c) He explained the principle of dominance on the basis of the gene chromosome theory
(d) He used his knowledge of gene mutations to explain the appearance of new traits in organisms
Ans. a
3. One of the Mendel’s pure strains of pea plants had green peas. How many different kinds of eggs could such a plant produce with regard to pea colour?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Four
(d) Eight
Ans. b
4. A codominance cross between a homozygous red and a homozygous white snapdragons produces plants with
(a) flower with both red and white patches
(b) red flowers
(c) pink flowers
(d) sterile flowers
Ans. a
5. Mendel developed his basic principles of heredity by
(a) microscopic study of chromosomes and genes
(b) mathematical analysis of the offspring of pea plants
(c) breeding experiments with Drosophila
(d) ultracentrifugation studies of cell organelles
Ans. b
6. Mendel started his experiments with pure strains of peas which was developed by removing all
(a) female plants
(b) male plants
(c) typical plants in each generation
(d) weak plants
Ans. b
7. Why was Mendel fairly certain that he had a pure breed variety when he collected seeds from a pea plant?
(a) The flower was self-pollinating in the plants
(b) Peas bear a large number of ‘offspring’
(c) Because the varieties are so distinctive
(d) He maintained extremely accurate records
Ans. a
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8. Mendel was the first biologist
(a) to study the mechanism of inheritance
(b) to discover that chromosomes that are responsible for inheritance
(c) to use statistical methods in analysing his resuits
(d) All of the above
Ans. d
9. Using the results of his experiments with pea plant crosses, Gregor Johnn Mendel discovered the
(a) principles of dominance, segregation and independers assortment
(b) intermediate inheritance and gene linkage
(c) pea plants develop mutations after exposure to radiatio
(d) DNA is involved in the inheritance of dominant traite
Ans. a
10. Alternative forms of genes for a particular characteristic are called
(a) homologous chromosomes
(b) alleles
(c) linked genes
(d) genotypes
Ans. b
11. According to Mendel’s law of segregation,
(a) there is a 50% probability that a gamete will get a dominant allele
(b) pair of genes segregates independently of other genes in the gamete formation
(c) allele pairs separate in gamete formation
(d) the laws of probability determine the gamete formation
Ans. b
12. In case of incomplete dominance, F2-generation has
(a) genatypic ratio equal to phenotypic ratio
(b) genotypic ratio is 3:1
(c) phenotypic ratio is 3:1
(d) None of the above
Ans. a
13. In Mendel garden peas, the tall allele (T) is dominant over the dwarf allele (t) and the green pod allele is dominant (Y) over the yellow pod allele (y). What is the genotype of a heterozygous tall, homozygous green pod pea plant?
(a) TtYy
(b) TTYY
(c) TtYY
(d) TTYY
Ans. c
14. Mendel made some crosses where he looked, tue characteristics, at once round yellow peas crossed wi wrinkled green peas, e.g. he did this because he wanted to find out
(a) how new characteristics originated
(b) whether different characteristics were inherited together or separately
(c) how plants and animals adapt to their environments
(d) whether the characteristics influence each other whether the colour affects degree of roundness
Ans. b
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15. One reason for Mendel’s success was that he
(a) repeated his experiments many times
(b) carefully used controlled experiments
(c) used plants with easily observable traits
(d) All of the above
Ans. d
16. Mendel developed his basic principles of heredity by
(a) examining chromosomes with microscope
(b) analysing large numbers of offsprings
(c) using X-rays to induce mutations
(d) observing crossing over during meiosis
Ans. b
17. Segregation of genes takes place during
(a) metaphase
(b) anaphase
(c) prophase
(d) zygote formation
Ans. b
18. Mendel published the results of his experiments in
(a) 1568
(b) 1773
(c) 1866
(d) 1921
Ans. c
19. If Mendel had chosen more than seven traits in his plants, he might have run into some confusing results regarding the
(a) phenomenon of dominance
(b) law of segregation
(c) law of independent assortment
(d) All of the above
Ans. b
20. Number of characters used by Mendel in his experiment are
(a) 8
(b) 7
(c) 6
(d) 4
Ans. b
21. Mendel published the results of his experiments on the garden pea in the year
(a) 1856
(b) 1875
(c) 1776
(d) 1866
Ans. d
22, The trait phenotypic ratio of a haploid organism is
(a) 1:2:1
(b) 3: 1
(c) 1:1
(d) 9:3:3:1
Ans. c
23. Multiple alleles control the character of
(a) only skin colour
(b) only blood groups
(c) sickle-cell anaemia
(d) blood group and skin colour
Ans. d
24. Number of gametes produced by individuals having the genotype of AaBbCc are
(a) six
(b) four
(c) eight
(d) two
Ans. c
25. Phenomenon of controlling several phenotypic characters by a single gene is
(a) epistasis
(b) codominance
(c) muitiple allelism
(d) pleiotropy
Ans. d
26. In Mendel’s experiment, the contrasting traits
(a) showed blending at F,1stage
(b) showed blending at F2 stage
(c) did not showed any blending at either F1 or F2 stage
(d) showed blending at both F1 and F2 stage
Ans. c
27. Diagram which shows the production of gametes by the parents, the formation of zygotes, the F1 and F2-generation is
(a) Punnett square
(b) idiogram
(c) checker board
(d) pedigree
Ans. a
28. A genotype AaBbCcDd will produce gametes in a number of
(a) 4
(b) 16
(c) 32
(d) 64
Ans. b
29. Which of the following will best prove the codominance?
(a) Flower colour in snapdragon
(b) blood group in human
(c) Skin colour in humans
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Ans. b
30. The ratio of 1:2:1 with the pink flower in F-generation indicates the phenomenon of
(a) dominance
(b) codominance
(c) incomplete dominance
(d) segregation
Ans. c
31. All these obeys Mendel’s laws except
(a) linkage
(b) independent assortment
(c) dominance
(d) purity gametes
Ans. a
32. The title of Mendel’s paper while presenting at Burn Natural History Society in 1865 was
(a) law of inheritance
(b) law of heredity
(c) experiment on pea plants
(d) experiment in plant hybridisation
Ans. d
33. Both homozygosity and heterozygosity of an individual can be determined by, which of the best method?
(a) Test cross
(b) Back cross
(c) Self-fertilisation
(d) Inbreeding
Ans. b
34. Each gamete carries
(a) only recessive allele
(b) only dominant allele
(c) only one of the alleles
(d) All of the above
Ans. c
35. Cross in which parents differs in two pairs of contrastir characters is called
(a) monohybrid cross
(b) dihybrid cross
(c) trihybrid cross
(d) tetrahybrid cross
Ans. b
36. What is the pattern of inheritance called in when the phenotype is influenced by many genes?
(a) Epistasis
(b) Monohybrid cross
(c) Polygenic inheritance
(d) Dihybrid cross
Ans. c
37. In blood group typing in human being, if an allele contributed by one parent is I^ an and allele contributed by the other parent is i, the resulting blood group of the offspring will be
(a) ‘A’
(b) ‘B’
(c) ‘AB’
(d) ‘O’
Ans. a
38. Out of these given below, which one of the following is true?
(a) Factors occurs in pairs
(b) Discrete unit that controls a particular character is called a factor
(c) Out of one pair of factors, one is dominant and other one is recessive
(d) Alleles do not show any blending and both the characters recovers as such in the F2-generation
Ans. d
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39. Mendel’s law of independent assortment holds good for genes situated on the
(a) non-homologous chromosomes
(b) homologous chromosomes
(c) extra chromosomal DNA
(d) same chromosome
Ans. a
40. A cross between two tall plants resulted in offspring S having few dwarf plants. What would be the genotype of been the parents?
(a) TT and tt
(b) TT and TT
(c) Tt and Tt
(d) Tt and tt
Ans. c
41. Mother and father of a person with ‘O’ blood group have “A’ and ‘B’ blood group respectively. What would be the genotype of both mother and father?
(a) Mother is homozygous ‘A’ blood group and father is heterozygous for ‘B’
(b) Mother is heterozygous for ‘A’ blood group and father is homozygous for ‘B’
(c) Both mother and father are heterozygous for ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood group respectively
(d) Both mother and father are homozygous for ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood group respectively
Ans. c
42. In the F1-generation of a Mendelian dihybrid cross the number of phenotypes and genotypes a
(a) phenotypes-4, genotypes-16
(b) phenotypes -9 genotypes-4
(c) phenotypes-9, genotypes-4
(d) phenotypes-4, genotypes-9
Ans. d
43. Occasionally, a single gene may express more than one effect. The phenomenon is called
(a) pleiotropy
(b) muitiple allelism
(c) mosaicism Ne
(d) polygeny
Ans. a
44. In a dihybrid cross, it you get the ratio 9:3:1. it denote that
(a) the alleles of two genes are interacting with each other
(b) it is a multigenic inheritance
(c) it is a case of multiple allelism
(d) the alleles of two genes are segregating independently
Ans. d
45. Due to the cross between TTRR x ttrr, the resultar progenies show. What percent of tall, red flowered plants (c) 25%
(a) 50%
(b) 75%
(c) 25%
(d) 100%
Ans. a
46. On selfing a plant F- generation with genotype ‘AABBCC. the phenotypic ratio in F2-generation will be
(a) 3:1
(b) 1:1
(c) 9:3:3:1
(d) 27 :9:9:9:3:3:3:1
Ans. d
47. Two crosses between the same pair of genotypes or phenotypes in which the sources of the gamete are reversed is one cross, is known as
(a) test cross
(b) reciprocal cross
(c) dihybrid cross
(d) reverse cross
Ans. b
48. Which one of the following traits of garden pea studied by Mendel was recessive feature?
(a) Axial flower position
(b) Green seed colour
(c) Green pod colour
(d) Round seeds
Ans. b
49. In a plant, red fruit (R) is dominant over yellow fruit (r) and tallness (T) is dominant over shortness (t). If a plant with RR Tt genotype is crossed with a plant that is rrtt
(a) 25% will be tall with red fruit
(b) 50% will be tall with red fruit
(c) 75% will be tall with red fruit
(d) All the offspring will be tall with red fruit
Ans. b
50. The genes controlling the seven pea characters studied by Mendel are now known to be located on how many different chromosomes?
(a) seven
(b) six
(c) five
(d) four
Ans. d
