Heredity and Evolution class 10 Questions and Answers pdf | Theories of Evolution & Palaeontology

 

1. Which of the period is also knowm as age of invertebrates?

(a) Ordovician period

(b) Devonian period

(c) Carboniterous period

(d) Jurassic period

Ans. a

2. First mammals appeared ini .. periods.

(a) ordovician 

(b) devonian

(c) carboniferous

(d) triassic

Ans. d

3. Holocene epoch is known as age of

(a) man 

(b) reptile

(c) dinosaur

(d) fish

Ans. a

4. Which of these is not a living fossil?

(a) Archaeopteryx 

(b) Duck-billed platypus

(c) Richter

(d) Frog

Ans. a

5. During fossilisation, the soft parts disintegrate and the gaps created in this manner are filled by mineral deposits such as silica, calcium carbonate, etc. Such fossils are called

(a) petritactions 

(b) embedding

(c) cementing

(d) moulding

Ans. a

6. Study of fossils is called

(a) ethology 

(b) palaeontology

(c) etiology

(d) anthropology

Ans. b

7. Archaeopteryx is the connecting link between

(a) reptile and mammals

(b) reptile and amphibian

(c) reptile and fish

(d) reptile and bird

Ans. d

8. The fossils in terms of faecal pellets hat contain evidences of the food eaten, is known as

(a) coprolites 

(b) imprints

(c) reptile and fish

(d) impressions

Ans. a

9. How do we know, how old fossils are?

(a) By digging the earth layer of fossils and later comparing the age of the layer by the rock formation type

(b) By dating fossils through detecting the ratios of different isotopes of the same element in the tossil

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) None of the above

Ans. c

10. The oldest microfossil so far of age 3.5 billion year ago was

(a) coacervates

(b) eobionts

(c) microspheres

(d) cyanobacteria

Ans. d

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11. Which of the following requires seeing a founder effecr

(a) High rate of new mutation

(b) Population bottleneck in which the population is reducet age relatively small number of breeding individuals

(c) Lethality of homozygotes with a mutant allele

(d) Selection in favour of heterazygotes

Ans. b

12. Evidence from fossils records are obtained by calculating age of fossil found in

(a) metamorphic rocks

(b) sedimentary rocks

(C) igneous rocks

(d) earth crust

Ans. b

13. Era of reptiles and gymnosperm is

(a) precambrian 

(b) palaeozoic

(c) mesozoic

(d) cenozoic

Ans. c

14. The oldest known fossilised prokaryotes were laid dow approximately

(a) 3.5 million years ago

(b) 3.5 billion years ago

(c) 1.7 million years ago

(d) 1.7 billion years ago

Ans. b

15. The oldest known fossil eukaryotes are about .. old.

(a) 3.5 million years ago

(b) 35 billion years ago

(c) 1.7 million years ago

(d) 1.7 billion years ago

Ans. d

16. Existence of coal or petroleum can be known from the study of

(a) ecology

(b) bacteriology

(c) economic botany

(d) Palaeobotany

Ans. d

17. Fossil contents of the elementary canal are known as  

(a) casts 

(b) corprolite

(c) trails

(d) impressions

Ans. b

18. Identify the correct chronological sequence periods of palaeozoic and mesozoic era

(a) Cretaceous Permian Jurassic – Triassic

(b) Cretaceous Carboniferous Permian – Triassic Jurassic

(c) Carboniferous →Permian – Triassic → Jurassic Cretaceous

(d) Carboniferous Jurassic Permian – Triassic – Cretaceous

Ans. c

19. If you want to see a dinosaur, it would be best to set the controls of your machine for the

(a) Mesozoic era 

(b) Coenozoic era

(c) Palaeozoic

(d) Proterozoic

Ans. a

20. The presence of vestigial organs in man supports

(a) Synthetic theory

(b) Germplasm theory

(c) Natural selection theory

(d) The theory of evolution, but not Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired character

Ans. d

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21. The book origin of species was published in

(a) 1809 

(b) 1859

(c) 1858

(d) 1956

Ans. b

22. Theory of spontaneous generation was given by

(a) Pasteur 

(b) Van Helmont

(c) Redi

(d) Spallanzani

Ans. b

23. Stanley Miller proposed origin of life by

(a) biogenesis 

(b) abiogenesis

(c) chemical synthesis

(d) None of these

Ans. c

24. Which of the following is formed in Stanley Miller’s classic experiments?

(a) Mitrospheres 

(b) Nucleic acid

(c) Amino acid

(d) UV rays

Ans. c

25. Resemblance between widely different groups due to a common adaptation is known as  

(a) parallel evolution

(b) divergent evolution

(c) retrogressive evolution

(d) convergent evolution

Ans. d

26. Which of the following is not the vestigial organ in man?  

(a) Wisdom tooth

(b) Vermiform appendix

(c) Tail vertebra

(d) Nail

Ans. d

27. Peripatus is a connecting link between

(a) Mollusca and Echinodermata

(b) Coelenterata and Porifera

(c) Annelida and Arthropoda

(d) Segmented metanephridia

Ans. c

28. A baby has been born with a small tail. It is a case of exhibiting

(a) atavism

(b) mutation

(c) metamorphosis

(d) retrogressive evolution 

Ans. a

29. The study of plant fossil is called

(a) Palynology 

(b) Palaeobotany

(c) Paedology

(d) Palaeophytology

Ans. b

30. The organism separated by geographical barrier are termed  

(a) allopatric

(b) sympatric

(c) sibling

(d) neopatric

Ans. a

31. Factors in the formation of a new species are

(a) isolation and competition

(b) competition and variation

(c) cormpetition and mutation

(d) isolation and mutation

Ans. b

32. The phenomenon of ‘industrial melanism’ demonstrates

(a) natural selection

(b) induced mutation

(c) reproductive isolation

(d) geographical isolation

Ans. a

33. Analogy is found between

(a) wings of bird and bats

(b) wings of bat and butterfly

(c) hands of man and flipper of whale

(d) hands of man and forelimbs of horse

Ans. b

34. An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of

(a) analogous and vestigial organs

(b) homologous and analogous organs

(c) homologous and vestigial orgaris

(d) homologous organ only

Ans. c

35. The biogenetic law was proposed by

(a) F Redi

(b) Richter

(c) Weismann

(d) Haeckel

Ans. d

36. Palaeozoic era is the era of 

(a) fishes

(b) reptiles

(c) birds

(d) mammals

Ans. a

37. Dinosaurs disappeared during 

(a) jurassic

(b) triassic

(c) cretaceous

(d) permian

Ans. b

38. In which era life had not originated?

(a) Palaeozoic 

(b) Archaeozoic

(c) Azoic

(d) Mesozoic

Ans. c

39. Origin of life occurred in

(a) carboniferous 

(b) precambrian

(c) ordovician

(d) silurian

Ans. b

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40. Modern birds rose in

(a) Palaeozoic 

(b) Cenozoic

(c) Mesozoic

(d) Archaeozoic

Ans. b

41. The theory of inheritance of acquired characters was proposed by

(a) Hugo de Vries 

(b) Lamarck

(c) Weismann

(d) Darwin

Ans. b

42. Who wrote the origin of species?

(a) Lamarck

(b) Darwin

(c) de Vries

(d) Mendel

Ans. b

43. The ultimate source of all variations is

(a) sexual reproduction 

(b) hormonal action

(c) natural selection

(d) mutations

Ans. d

44. Continuity of germplasm was given by  

(a) Lamarck

(b) Weismann

(c) Haeckel

(d) Darwin

Ans. b

45. Darwinism cannot explain

(a) mimicry 

(b) adaptation

(c) struggle for existence

(d) tusks of elephants

Ans. d